Antenna for Cellular Repeater Systems

ABSTRACT

A cellular repeater system is provided. The cellular repeater system includes an outdoor antenna communicatively coupled to a repeater. The outdoor antenna is configured to relay communications from the repeater to a cellular base station. The outdoor antenna includes a plurality of log-periodic antennas rotated relative to one another such that each of the plurality of log-periodic antennas is pointed in a different direction. The cellular repeater system includes a switching device configured to selectively couple one or more of the plurality of log-periodic antennas to a RF transceiver of the repeater in order to configure the outdoor antenna in a plurality of antenna modes. Each of the plurality of antenna modes have a distinct radiation pattern.

PRIORITY CLAIM

The present application claims the benefit of priority of U.S.Provisional App. No. 63/039,054, titled “Antenna for Cellular RepeaterSystems,” having a filing date of Jun. 15, 2020, which is incorporatedby reference herein. The present application also claims the benefit ofpriority of U.S. Provisional App. No. 63/041,320, titled “Antenna forCellular Repeater Systems,” having a filing date of Jun. 19, 2020, whichis incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to cellular repeater systemsand, more particularly, to an antenna for cellular repeater systems.

BACKGROUND

A cellular repeater system can include an outdoor antenna positionedoutside of a space (e.g., building) and an indoor antenna positionedwithin the space. The outdoor antenna can communicate with a cellularbase station (e.g., cell tower). The indoor antenna can communicate withuser devices (e.g., smartphone, tablet, etc.) positioned within thespace. The cellular repeater system can further include a repeatercommunicatively coupled between the indoor antenna and the outdoorantenna. The repeater can amplify inbound cellular signals received fromthe cellular base station and outbound cellular signals received fromthe user devices.

SUMMARY

Aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will beset forth in part in the following description, or may be learned fromthe description, or may be learned through practice of the embodiments.

In one aspect, a cellular repeater system is provided. The cellularrepeater system includes an outdoor antenna communicatively coupled to arepeater. The outdoor antenna is configured to relay communications fromthe repeater to a cellular base station. The outdoor antenna includes aplurality of log-periodic antennas rotated relative to one another suchthat each of the plurality of log-periodic antennas is pointed in adifferent direction. The cellular repeater system includes a switchingdevice configured to selectively couple one or more of the plurality oflog-periodic antennas to a RF transceiver of the repeater in order toconfigure the outdoor antenna in a plurality of antenna modes. Each ofthe plurality of antenna modes have a distinct radiation pattern.

In another aspect, a method of controlling operation of an outdoorantenna communicatively coupled to a repeater and configured tocommunicate with a cellular base station is provided. The methodincludes configuring, via one or more control devices, the outdoorantenna in each of a plurality of antenna modes, each of the pluralityof antenna modes having a distinct radiation pattern. The methodincludes obtaining, via the repeater, data indicative of a channelquality indicator associated with communications between the outdoorantenna and the cellular base station while the outdoor antenna isconfigured in each of the plurality of antenna modes. The methodincludes determining, via the one or more control devices, one of theplurality of antenna modes as a selected antenna mode for the outdoorantenna based, at least in part, on the data indicative of the channelquality indicator for each of the plurality of antenna modes. The methodfurther includes configuring, via the one or more control devices, theoutdoor antenna in the selected antenna mode.

These and other features, aspects and advantages of various embodimentswill become better understood with reference to the followingdescription and appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which areincorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrateembodiments of the present disclosure and, together with thedescription, serve to explain the related principles.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Detailed discussion of embodiments directed to one of ordinary skill inthe art are set forth in the specification, which makes reference to theappended figures, in which:

FIG. 1 depicts a cellular repeater system according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 depicts components of cellular repeater system according toexample embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 depicts a top view of an outdoor antenna of the cellular repeatersystem according to example embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 depicts a side view of the outdoor antenna of FIG. 3 according toexample embodiments of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 5 depicts a log-periodic antenna of an outdoor antenna according toexample embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6A depicts a two-dimensional plot of radiation patterns of theoutdoor antenna of FIG. 3 at a first frequency according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6B depicts a two-dimensional plot of radiation patterns of theoutdoor antenna of FIG. 3 at a second frequency according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 depicts an outdoor antenna according to example embodiments ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 8A depicts a two-dimensional plot of a radiation pattern of theoutdoor antenna of FIG. 7 at a first frequency according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8B depicts a two-dimensional plot of a radiation pattern of theoutdoor antenna of FIG. 7 at a second frequency according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9A depicts a polarization plot of the outdoor antenna of FIG. 7 atthe first frequency according to example embodiments of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 9B depicts a polarization plot of the outdoor antenna of FIG. 7 atthe second frequency according to example embodiments of the presentdisclosure; and

FIG. 10 depicts a flow diagram of a method for controlling operation ofan outdoor antenna communicatively coupled to a repeater and configuredto communicate with a cellular base station according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments, one or moreexamples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example isprovided by way of explanation of the embodiments, not a limitation ofthe present disclosure. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that various modifications and variations can be made to theembodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.For instance, features illustrated or described as part of oneembodiment can be used with another embodiment to yield a still furtherembodiment. Thus, it is intended that aspects of the present disclosurecover such modifications and variations.

Example aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a cellularrepeater system. The cellular repeater system can include an indoorantenna positioned within a space (e.g., building) and an outdoorantenna positioned outside of the space. The indoor antenna can beconfigured to communicate with devices (e.g., user devices, smartphones,tablets, wearable devices, displays with one or more processors, etc.)positioned within the space. The outdoor antenna can be configured tocommunicate with a cellular base station (e.g., cell tower). As will bediscussed below, example aspects of the present disclosure are directedto the outdoor antenna of the cellular repeater system.

The outdoor antenna can include a plurality of log-periodic antennas. Insome implementations, each of the log-periodic antennas can include acentral conductive element and a plurality of driven elements. Each ofthe plurality of driven elements can extend laterally from the centralconductive element. Furthermore, in some implementations, the centralconductive element and the plurality of driven elements can be disposedon a substrate having a trapezoidal shape. It should be appreciated,however, that the substrate can have any suitable shape.

The plurality of log-periodic antennas can be rotated relative toanother such that each of the log-periodic antennas is pointed in adifferent direction. For instance, in some implementations, the outdoorantenna can include four log-periodic antennas that are rotated relativeto one another by about 90 degrees such that each of the fourlog-periodic antenna is pointed in a different direction. Morespecifically, the first log-periodic antenna of the outdoor antenna canbe pointed in a first direction. The second log-periodic antenna of theoutdoor antenna can be rotated relative to the first log-periodicantenna by about 90 degrees such that the second log-periodic antenna ispointed in a second direction that is different from the firstdirection. The third log-periodic antenna of the outdoor antenna can berotated relative to the first log-periodic antenna by about 180 degreessuch that the third log-periodic antenna is pointed in a third directionthat is different from the first direction and the second direction. Thefourth log-periodic antenna of the outdoor antenna can be rotatedrelative to the first log-periodic antenna by about 270 degrees suchthat the fourth log-periodic antenna is pointed in a fourth directionthat is different from each of the first, second and third directions.As used herein, the term “about” can refer to a range of values within10 percent of a stated numerical value.

The cellular repeater system can include a switching device. Theswitching device can be configured to selectively couple one or more ofthe plurality of log-periodic antennas to a radio frequency (RF)transceiver associated with the repeater. In this manner, the switchingdevice can be operated to selectively couple one or more of thelog-periodic antennas to the RF transceiver in order to configure theoutdoor antenna in a plurality of different antenna modes. It should beunderstood that a different log-periodic antenna or differentcombination of log-periodic antennas can be coupled to the RFtransceiver for each of the plurality of antenna modes. In this manner,each of the plurality of antenna modes can have a distinct radiationpattern.

In some implementations, the switching device can be a single pole,multiple throw switching device. In such implementations, the number ofthrows associated with the switching device can correspond to the numberof log-periodic antennas included in the outdoor antenna. For instance,in implementations in which the outdoor includes four log-periodicantennas, the switching device can be a single pole, four throwswitching device. In such implementations, the switching device canselectively couple one or more of the four log-periodic antennas to theRF transceiver in order to configure the outdoor antenna in each of theplurality of antenna modes. For instance, the switching device cancouple one of the log-periodic antennas to the RF transceiver in orderto configure the outdoor antenna in one antenna mode of the plurality ofantenna modes. Alternatively, the switching device can couple two ormore of the log-periodic antennas to the RF transceiver in order toconfigure the outdoor antenna in a different antenna mode of theplurality of antenna modes.

In some implementations, the cellular repeater system can include one ormore control devices configured to determine a selected antenna mode forthe outdoor antenna based, at least in part, on data indicative of achannel quality indicator (CQI) associated with communications betweenthe outdoor antenna and the cellular base station. The one or morecontrol devices can be configured to configure the outdoor antenna ineach of the plurality of antenna modes. For instance, the one or morecontrol devices can be configured to control operation of the switchingdevice to selectively couple one or more of the log-periodic antennas tothe RF transceiver in order to configure the outdoor antenna in each ofthe plurality of antenna modes.

The one or more control devices can be configured to obtain dataindicative of the CQI associated with communications between the outdoorantenna and the cellular base station. Examples of data indicative ofthe CQI associated with communications between the outdoor antenna andthe cellular base station can include a received signal strengthindicator (RSSI), a signal to noise ratio (SNR), a signal tointerference plus noise ratio (SNIR), a magnitude error ratio (MER), anerror vector magnitude (EVM), a bit error rate (BER), a block error rate(BLER), a packet error rate (PER), or combinations of the foregoing,and/or various other metrics.

The one or more control devices can be configured to select one of theplurality of antenna modes as a selected antenna mode for the outdoorantenna based, at least in part, on the data indicative of the CQI.Furthermore, the one or more control devices can configure the outdoorantenna in the selected antenna mode. For instance, the one or morecontrol devices can be configured to control operation of the switchingdevice to selectively couple one or more of the log-periodic antennas tothe RF transceiver in order to configure the outdoor antenna in theselected antenna mode.

In some implementations, the selected antenna mode can correspond to anantenna mode in which only one of the periodic-log antennas is coupledto the RF transceiver via the switching device. In such implementations,the outdoor antenna can have a directional radiation pattern whenconfigured in the selected antenna mode. In alternative implementations,the selected antenna mode can correspond to an antenna mode in whichmultiple of the log-periodic antennas are coupled to the RF transceivervia the switching device. For instance, in some implementations, theselected antenna mode can correspond to an antenna mode in which each ofthe plurality of log-periodic antennas is coupled to the RF transceivervia the switching device. In such implementations, the outdoor antennacan have an omni-directional radiation pattern when configured in theselected antenna mode.

The cellular repeater system according to example aspects of the presentdisclosure can provide numerous technical effects and benefits. Forinstance, the plurality of log-periodic antennas of the outdoor antennaof the cellular repeater system can be rotated relative to one anothersuch that each of the log-periodic antennas is pointed in a differentdirection. Furthermore, the switching device of the cellular repeatersystem can, as discussed above, be operated to selectively couple one ormore of the log-periodic antennas to a RF transceiver to configure theoutdoor antenna in a plurality of different antenna modes. In thismanner, the antenna mode of the outdoor antenna can be adjusted totailor a radiation pattern of the outdoor antenna as needed to improvecommunications (e.g., reduced latency) between the outdoor antenna andthe cellular base station.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2 , a cellular repeater system 100 isprovided according to example embodiments of the present disclosure. Asshown, the cellular repeater system 100 can include a first antenna 110(hereinafter, outdoor antenna 110) positioned outside of a space 120(e.g., room, building) and a second antenna 130 (hereinafter, indoorantenna 130) positioned within the space 120. The outdoor antenna 110can be configured to communicate with a cellular base station 140 (e.g.,cell tower). The indoor antenna 130 can be configured to communicatewith devices 150 (e.g., smartphone, tablet, etc.) positioned within thespace 120. It should be understood that the devices 150 can include anydevice having an antenna configured to facilitate communication with theindoor antenna 130 via a cellular network. It should also be understoodthat the outdoor antenna 110 and the indoor antenna 130 can beconfigured to communicate over any suitable range of frequencies. Forinstance, in some implementations, the outdoor antenna 110 and theindoor antenna 130 can be configured to communicate over a range offrequencies that spans from 600 MHz to 6 Gigahertz (GHz). It should beunderstood that the range of frequencies can include the Long TermEvolution (LTE) frequency bands as well as Sub-6 5G frequency bands. Insome implementations, the range of frequencies can span from 600 MHz to3 GHz. In such implementations, the range of frequencies can include LTEfrequency bands and LTE-Advanced frequency bands.

The cellular repeater system 100 can further include a repeater 152. Insome implementations, the repeater 152 can be positioned within thespace 120. As shown, the repeater 152 can be configured to receiveelectrical power from a power supply 154. In this manner, the powersupply 154 can supply electrical power for a RF transceiver 155 (shownin FIG. 2 ). Furthermore, the repeater 152 can be coupled between theindoor antenna 130 and the outdoor antenna 110 via a first transmissionline 156 and a second transmission line 158, respectively. In thismanner, the RF transceiver 155 of the repeater 152 can amplify inboundsignals (e.g., cellular signals) received from the cellular base station140 and repeat the amplified inbound signal to the devices 150 via theindoor antenna 130. Likewise, the RF transceiver 155 can amplifyoutbound signals (e.g., cellular signals) received from the devices 150and repeat the amplified outbound signals to the cellular base station140 via the outdoor antenna 110.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the outdoor antenna 110 can include a plurality oflog-periodic antennas 160. For instance, in some implementations, theoutdoor antenna 110 can include four log-periodic antennas 160. Itshould be understood that, in other implementations, the outdoor antenna110 can include more or fewer log-periodic antennas 160. For instance,in some implementations, the outdoor antenna 110 can include twolog-periodic antennas 160. In alternative implementations, the outdoorantenna 110 can include five or more log-periodic antennas 160.

The cellular repeater system 100 can include a switching device 170. Theswitching device 170 can be configured to selectively couple one or moreof the plurality of log-periodic antennas 160 to the RF transceiver 155via the second transmission line 158. In this manner, the switchingdevice 170 can be operated to selectively couple one or more of thelog-periodic antennas 160 to the RF transceiver 155 in order toconfigure the outdoor antenna 110 in a plurality of different antennamodes. It should be understood that a different log-periodic antenna 160or different combination of log-periodic antennas 160 can be coupled tothe RF transceiver 155 for each of the plurality of antenna modes. Inthis manner, each of the plurality of antenna modes can have a distinctradiation pattern.

In some implementations, the switching device 170 can be a single pole,multiple throw switching device. In such implementations, the number ofthrows associated with the switching device 170 can correspond to thenumber of log-periodic antennas 160 included in the outdoor antenna 110.For instance, in implementations in which the outdoor antenna 110includes four log-periodic antennas 160, the switching device 170 can bea single pole, four throw switching device. In such implementations, theswitching device 170 can selectively couple one or more of thelog-periodic antennas 160 to the RF transceiver 155 via the secondtransmission line 158 in order to configure the outdoor antenna 110 ineach of the plurality of antenna modes. For instance, the switchingdevice 170 can couple one of the log-periodic antennas 160 to the RFtransceiver 155 in order to configure the outdoor antenna 110 in oneantenna mode of the plurality of antenna modes. Alternatively, theswitching device 170 can couple two or more of the log-periodic antennas160 to the RF transceiver 155 in order to configure the outdoor antenna110 in a different antenna mode of the plurality of antenna modes.

In some implementations, the cellular repeater system 100 can includeone or more control devices 180 (only one shown). As shown, in someimplementations, the one or more control devices 180 can be associatedwith the repeater 152. It should be appreciated, however, that the oneor more control devices 180 can be associated with any suitablecomponent of the cellular repeater system 100. For instance, in someimplementations, the one or more control devices 180 can be associatedwith the outdoor antenna 110. More specifically, the one or more controldevices 180 can be included on a circuit board (not shown) of theoutdoor antenna 110.

The one or more control devices 180 can include one or more processors182 and one or more memory devices 184. The processor(s) 182 can includeany suitable processing device, such as a microprocessor,microcontroller, integrated circuit, logic device, or other suitableprocessing device. The memory device(s) 184 can include one or morecomputer-readable media, including, but not limited to, non-transitorycomputer-readable media, RAM, ROM, hard drives, flash drives, or othermemory devices.

The memory device(s) 184 can store information accessible by theprocessor(s) 182, including computer-readable instructions that can beexecuted by the processor(s) 182. The computer-readable instructions canbe any set of instructions that, when executed by the processor(s) 182,cause the processor(s) 182 to perform operations. The computer-readableinstructions can be software written in any suitable programminglanguage or may be implemented in hardware. In some embodiments, thecomputer-readable instructions can be executed by the processor(s) 182to cause the processor(s) 182 to perform operations, such as controllingoperation of the outdoor antenna 110.

In some implementations, the one or more control devices 180 can beconfigured to determine a selected antenna mode for the outdoor antenna110 based, at least in part, on data indicative of a channel qualityindicator (CQI) associated with communications between the outdoorantenna 110 and the cellular base station 140 for each of the pluralityof antenna modes of the outdoor antenna 110. For instance, the one ormore control devices 180 can be configured to provide control signalsassociated with controlling operation of the switching device 170 toselectively couple one or more of the log-periodic antennas 160 to theRF transceiver 155 in order to configure the outdoor antenna 110 in eachof the plurality of antenna modes.

In some implementations, the one or more control devices 180 can beconfigured to communicate the one or more control signals to theswitching device 170 via the second transmission line 158. Morespecifically, the one or more control devices 180 can be configured tomodulate the one or more control signals onto an RF signal (e.g.,amplified outbound signal) that is communicated to the outdoor antenna110 via the second transmission line 158. In such implementations, theoutdoor antenna 110 can include RF circuitry (not shown) configured todemodulate the RF signal to obtain the one or more control signalsassociated with controlling operation of the switching device 170 toconfigure the outdoor antenna 110 in the selected antenna mode.

In alternative implementations, the one or more control devices 180 canbe configured to communicate the one or more control signals to theswitching device 170 via a control line (not shown) that is separatefrom the second transmission line 158. In this manner, one or morecontrol signals can be communicated to the outdoor antenna 110separately from the RF signal (e.g., amplified outbound signals) the RFtransceiver 155 transmits to the outdoor antenna 110 via the secondtransmission line 158.

The one or more control devices 180 can be configured to obtain dataindicative of the CQI associated with communications between the outdoorantenna 110 and the cellular base station 140. Examples of dataindicative of the CQI associated with communications between the outdoorantenna and the cellular base station can include a received signalstrength indicator (RSSI), a signal to noise ratio (SNR), a signal tointerference plus noise ratio (SNIR), a magnitude error ratio (MER), anerror vector magnitude (EVM), a bit error rate (BER), a block error rate(BLER), a packet error rate (PER), or combinations of the foregoing,and/or various other metrics.

The one or more control devices 180 can be configured to select one ofthe plurality of antenna modes as a selected antenna mode for theoutdoor antenna 110 based, at least in part, on the data indicative ofthe CQI. Furthermore, the one or more control devices 180 can configurethe outdoor antenna 110 in the selected antenna mode. For instance, theone or more control devices 180 can be configured to control operationof the switching device 170 to selectively couple one or more of thelog-periodic antennas 160 to the RF transceiver 155 in order toconfigure the outdoor antenna 110 in the selected antenna mode.

In some implementations, the selected antenna mode can correspond to anantenna mode in which only one of the log-periodic antennas 160 iscoupled to the RF transceiver 155 via the switching device 170. In suchimplementations, the outdoor antenna 110 can have a directionalradiation pattern when configured in the selected antenna mode. Inalternative implementations, the selected antenna mode can correspond toan antenna mode in which multiple of the log-periodic antennas 160 arecoupled to the RF transceiver 155 via the switching device 170. Forinstance, in some implementations, the selected antenna mode cancorrespond to an antenna mode in which each of the plurality oflog-periodic antennas 160 is coupled to the RF transceiver 155 via theswitching device 170. In such implementations, the outdoor antenna 110can have an omni-directional radiation pattern when configured in theselected antenna mode.

When multiple (e.g., more than 2) log-periodic antennas of the outdoorantenna 110 are coupled to the RF transceiver 155 via the switchingdevice 170, the one or more control devices 180 can, in someimplementations, be configured to adjust a RF transmit power associatedwith each of the log-periodic antennas 160 coupled to the RF transceiver155. More specifically, the one or more control devices 180 can beconfigured to adjust the RF transmit power such that a gain of each ofthe log-periodic antennas 160 coupled to the RF transceiver 155 does notdecrease.

Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4 , an embodiment of the outdoor antenna110 is provided according to the present disclosure. FIG. 3 depicts atop view of the outdoor antenna 110. FIG. 4 depicts a side view of theoutdoor antenna 110. The outdoor antenna 110 can define a coordinatesystem that includes a lateral axis L, a longitudinal axis T, and avertical direction V.

As shown, the outdoor antenna 110 can include four log-periodicantennas. More specifically, the outdoor antenna 110 can include a firstlog-periodic antenna 162, a second log-periodic antenna 164, a thirdlog-periodic antenna 166, and a fourth log-periodic antenna 168. As willbe discussed below, the log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can berotated relative to one another such that each of the log-periodicantennas 162, 164, 166, 168 is pointed in a different direction. Forinstance, in some implementations, the log-periodic antennas 162, 164,166, 168 can be rotated relative to one another. However, as shown inFIG. 4 , each of the log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can bepositioned within the same plane.

The first log-periodic antenna 162 can be pointed in a first direction200. The second log-periodic antenna 164 can be rotated relative to thefirst log-periodic antenna 162 by about 90 degrees such that the secondlog-periodic antenna 164 is pointed in a second direction 210 that isdifferent from the first direction 200. The third log-periodic antenna166 can be rotated relative to the first log-periodic antenna 162 byabout 180 degrees such that the third log-periodic antenna 166 ispointed in a third direction 220 that is different from the firstdirection 200 and the second direction 210. The fourth log-periodicantenna 168 can be rotated relative to the first log-periodic antenna162 by about 270 degrees such that the fourth log-periodic antenna 168is pointed in a fourth direction 230 that is different from each of thefirst direction 200, the second direction 210, and the third direction220.

In some implementations, the switching device 170 (FIG. 2 ) and theplurality of log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can be coupled toa circuit board 250. More specifically, each of the plurality oflog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can be coupled to a groundplane (not shown) of the circuit board 250. In some implementations,each of the plurality of log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can becoupled to the circuit board 250 such that each of the plurality oflog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 is spaced apart from thecircuit board 250. In some implementations, each of the plurality oflog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can be spaced apart from thecircuit board 250 by a distance 260 ranging from about 40 millimeters toabout 70 millimeters.

In some implementations, a width dimension of the outdoor antenna 110 asmeasured along lateral axis L and a height dimension of the outdoorantenna as measured along the vertical axis V can each range from about600 millimeters to about 630 millimeters. Furthermore, in someimplementations, the width dimension of the outdoor antenna 110 can besubstantially the same as the height dimension of the outdoor antenna110. Alternatively, or additionally, a length dimension of the outdoorantenna 110 as measured along the longitudinal axis T can be shorterthan the width dimension of the outdoor antenna 110 and the heightdimension of the outdoor antenna 110. For instance, in someimplementations, the length dimension of the outdoor antenna 110 canrange from about 220 millimeters to about 250 millimeters.

Referring now to FIG. 5 , in some implementations, each of thelog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can include a centralconductive element 270 and a plurality of driven elements 272. Each ofthe plurality of driven elements 272 can extend axially from the centralconductive element 270. Furthermore, in some implementations, thecentral conductive element 270 and the plurality of driven elements 272can be disposed on a substrate 280 having a length dimension 282 and awidth dimension 284. The length dimension 282 can be longer than thewidth dimension 284. For instance, in some implementations, the lengthdimension 282 can range from about 180 millimeters to about 200millimeters. Furthermore, in some implementations, a shape of thesubstrate 280 can be trapezoidal. It should be appreciated, however,that the substrate 280 can have any suitable shape.

In some implementations, a length of the driven elements 272 can taperalong a length of the central conductive element 270. For instance, thelength of the driven elements 272 can become progressively shorter alongthe length of the central conductive element 270. In this manner, thelength of each of the driven elements 272 can be different.

Referring now to FIGS. 6A and 6B, a two-dimensional plot of a radiationpattern for each of the plurality of log-periodic antennas 162, 164,166, 168 is provided according to example embodiments of the presentdisclosure. FIG. 6A depicts the radiation pattern for each of thelog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 at a first frequency (e.g., 800Megahertz). FIG. 6B depicts the radiation for each of the log-periodicantennas 162, 164, 166, 168 at a second frequency (e.g., 1700 MHz) thatis different than the first frequency. As shown, the radiation patternfor each of the log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can bedirectional. Furthermore, since the log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166,168 are rotated relative to one another by about 90 degrees, theradiation pattern for each of the plurality of log-periodic antennas162, 164, 166, 168 can be directed in different directions. Forinstance, the radiation pattern for the first log-periodic antenna 162and the radiation pattern for the log-periodic antenna 166 can bedirected in opposing directions. Furthermore, the radiation pattern forthe second log-periodic antenna 164 and the radiation pattern for thefourth log-periodic antenna 168 can be directed in opposing directions.

Referring now to FIG. 7 , another embodiment of the outdoor antenna 110is provided according to example embodiments of the present disclosure.As shown, the outdoor antenna 110 can define the coordinate system thatincludes the lateral axis L, the longitudinal direction T, and thevertical direction V. The outdoor antenna 110 can include the firstlog-periodic antenna 162, the second log-periodic antenna 164, the thirdlog-periodic antenna 166, and the fourth log-periodic antenna 168. Thelog-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can be rotated relative to oneanother such that each of the log-periodic antennas 162, 164, 166, 168is pointed in a different direction. Furthermore, the log-periodicantennas 162, 164, 166, 168 can be rotated relative to one another suchthat the first log-periodic antenna 162 is positioned within a firstplane and the second log-periodic antenna 164 is positioned within asecond plane that is substantially perpendicular to the first plane.Likewise, the third log-periodic antenna 166 can be positioned withinthe first plane and the fourth log-periodic antenna 168 can bepositioned within the second plane.

Referring now to FIGS. 8A and 8B, a two-dimensional plot of a total gainof the outdoor antenna 110 of FIG. 7 is provided according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6A depicts the total gain ofthe outdoor antenna 110 at a first frequency (e.g., 800 MHz). FIG. 6Bdepicts the total gain of the outdoor antenna 110 at a second frequency(e.g., 1900 MHz).

Referring now to FIGS. 9A and 9B, a two-dimensional polarization plotfor the outdoor antenna 110 of FIG. 7 is provided according to exampleembodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 9A depicts a two-dimensionalpolarization plot for the outdoor antenna 110 at a first frequency(e.g., 800 MHz). FIG. 9B depicts a two-dimensional polarization plot forthe outdoor antenna 110 at a second frequency (e.g., 1900 MHz). Asshown, the outdoor antenna 110 exhibits dominant vertical polarizationat both the first frequency and the second frequency.

Referring now to FIG. 10 , a flow diagram of a method 300 of controllingoperation of an outdoor antenna communicatively coupled to a repeaterand configured to communicate with a cellular base station. In general,the method 300 will be discussed herein with reference to the cellularrepeater system 100 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 . Inaddition, although FIG. 10 depicts steps performed in a particular orderfor purposes of illustration and discussion, the method discussed hereinis not limited to any particular order or arrangement. One skilled inthe art, using the disclosure provided herein, will appreciate thatvarious steps of the method disclosed herein can be omitted, rearranged,combined, and/or adapted in various ways without deviating from thescope of the present disclosure.

At (302), the method 300 includes configuring, via one or more controldevices, the outdoor antenna in each of a plurality of antenna modes.For instance, in some implementations, the one or more control devicescan be configured to control operation of a switching device toselectively couple one or more of the log-periodic antennas to a RFtransceiver associated with the repeater in order to configure theoutdoor antenna in each of the plurality of antenna modes.

At (304), the method 300 includes obtaining, via the repeater, dataindicative of a channel quality indicator associated with communicationsbetween the outdoor antenna and the cellular base station while theoutdoor antenna is configured in each of the plurality of antenna modes.Examples of data indicative of the CQI associated with communicationsbetween the outdoor antenna and the cellular base station can include areceived signal strength indicator (RSSI), a signal to noise ratio(SNR), a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SNIR), a magnitudeerror ratio (MER), an error vector magnitude (EVM), a bit error rate(BER), a block error rate (BLER), a packet error rate (PER), orcombinations of the foregoing, and/or various other metrics.

At (306), the method 300 includes determining, via one or more controldevices, one of the plurality of antenna modes as a selected antennamode for the outdoor antenna based, at least in part, on the dataindicative of the channel quality indicator for each of the plurality ofantenna modes. At (308), the method 300 includes configuring, via theone or more control devices, the outdoor antenna in the selected antennamode. For instance, the one or more control devices can controloperation of the switching device to couple one or more the log-periodicantennas to the RF transceiver in order to configure the outdoor antennain the selected antenna mode.

While the present subject matter has been described in detail withrespect to specific example embodiments thereof, it will be appreciatedthat those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of theforegoing may readily produce alterations to, variations of, andequivalents to such embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the presentdisclosure is by way of example rather than by way of limitation, andthe subject disclosure does not preclude inclusion of suchmodifications, variations and/or additions to the present subject matteras would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.

1-18. (canceled)
 19. A method of controlling operation of an outdoorantenna communicatively coupled to a repeater and configured tocommunicate with a cellular base station, the method comprising:configuring, via one or more control devices, the outdoor antenna ineach of a plurality of antenna modes, each of the plurality of antennamodes having a distinct radiation pattern; obtaining, via the repeater,data indicative of a channel quality indicator associated withcommunications between the outdoor antenna and the cellular base stationwhile the outdoor antenna is configured in each of the plurality ofantenna modes; determining, via the one or more control devices, one ofthe plurality of antenna modes as a selected antenna mode for theoutdoor antenna based, at least in part, on the data indicative of thechannel quality indicator for each of the plurality of antenna modes;and configuring, via the one or more control devices, the outdoorantenna in the selected antenna mode.
 20. The method of claim 19,wherein configuring the outdoor antenna in the each of the plurality ofantenna modes comprises controlling, via the one or more controldevices, operation of a switching device to selectively couple one ormore log-periodic antennas to a RF transceiver of the repeater toconfigure the outdoor antenna in each of the plurality of antenna modes.21. The method of claim 20, further comprising: adjusting, via the oneor more control devices, an RF transmit power associated with each ofthe one or more log-periodic antennas coupled to the RF transceiver tomaintain a gain of each of the one or more log-periodic antennas. 22.The method of claim 20, wherein controlling operation of the switchingdevice to selectively coupled the one or more log-periodic antennas tothe RF transceiver of the repeater comprises: modulating, via the one ormore control devices, one or more control signals onto an RF signal; andtransmitting, via the one or more control devices, a modulated RF signalto the outdoor antenna, the modulated RF signal corresponding to the RFsignal having the one or more control signals modulated thereon.
 23. Themethod of claim 20, wherein configuring the outdoor antenna in theselected antenna mode comprises: in response to determining the selectedantenna mode, controlling, via the one or more control devices,operation of the switching device to couple the one or more log-periodicantennas to the RF transceiver of the repeater to configure the outdoorantenna in the selected antenna mode.
 24. The method of claim 23,wherein the outdoor antenna comprises a directional radiation pattern inthe selected antenna mode.
 25. The method of claim 23, wherein theoutdoor antenna comprises an omni-directional radiation pattern in theselected antenna mode.
 26. The method of claim 19, wherein the dataindicative of the channel quality indicator (CQI) comprises at least oneof a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), signal-to-noise radio(SNR), and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).